Enhancing Heterogeneous Wireless Sensor Networks Using Swarm Intelligence –Based Routing Protocols

The design of efficient communication protocols for wireless sensor networks has aroused great interest in the research community, especially face limited energy nodes and frequent change network topology. Routing remains a challenging problem communications, as deploying or replacing hazardous environments is difficult. Many studies have been devoted to alleviate certain limitations, such clustering maintain connectivity, injecting heterogeneity avoid rapid death nodes, incorporating evolution-based optimization methods find best configuration. This work combined swarm-based efficiently balance consumption between increase reliability. Specifically, this employed binary particle swarm optimizer artificial bees colony approximately optimal set cluster heads (CHs) with their number. Based on probabilistic principle heterogeneous protocols: SEP, EDEEC, BEENISH, new refined formulation CHs selection using proposed. flight guided towards an objective function representing good initial residual nodes. Compared standard developed significantly perform better terms stability (FND), round half nodes' (HND), lifetime (LND), saving. Indeed, BABC-SEP was found 31,66% than SEP remaining percentage, EDEEC BEENISH BABC improved them by more 20% percentage energy.